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A. L. BAUSMAN.

'HQLL FOR CHOCOLATE REFINERS.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 12, I9] 7..

Patented Nov. 18, 1919.

I N VEN TOR. lfiymzz WI TNESSES. fa. a A.

ALONZO LINTON BAUSMAIN, 033 GHICQPEE, MASifiAfiI-IUSLETTfi ROLL CHQCULATE-REFINERS.

Specification of Letters ."Eatent.

Patented; Nov, 18, 1919.

Application filed S p e ber 2, 9.17, Serial No. 190,910.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, ALoNzo LINTON Bans- MAN, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Ghicopee, in the county of Hampden and State of lvlassachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Rolls for Chocolate-Refiners, of which the following is a specification.

Accordingto this invention, an improved roll is provided for use in chocolate refiners. Among the problems in providing satisfactory rolls for machines of this class is to provide a roll strong enough to stand the desired pressure, a roll having a satisfactory refining surface, a roll which may be readily kept at a uniform temperature to prevent a warping of the refining surface as well as a burning of the chocolate, and a roll of the desired economy in construction. The roll of the present invention will be found satisfactory in all the respects mentioned and consists in a new and useful structure for the described purpose.

According to prior practice rolls for use in chocolate refiners have been made of granite or as a chilled metal casting either cored or bored out to provide a water chamher for cooling purposes. with such metal rolls are found in the cost of construction, the very large amount of metal necessarily used to give the requisite strength, the liability of warp due to the friction heat in the refining operations, and the difiiculty of obtaining the desired accurate and hard refining surface. The type of roll referred to in one of its improved forms is shown in the patent to Smith No. 1,089,017, granted March 3, 1914.

The principal feature of the present invention is the provision of a refining roll for chocolate made up of a comparatively thin, hardened steel cylinder, secured at its ends to two spaced and separate heads, a supporting shaft passing entirely through the cylinder on which the heads are each fixed, and a device mounted inside of the cylinder to distribute a temperature controlling medium as water to all parts of the interior of the cylinder with substantially equal efiect.

According to another feature of the inventioh, the crushing surface or roll itself is made of hardened steel with the purpose of providing the best material for the crushmg or refining operat on" and combining,

with such a roll new ass useful" structure for The difficulties supporting and cooling purposes under opbetween the bite of the two or more rolls.

)n the shaft 1 are fixed two extremely rigid and solid heads 3 which spaced apart support the roll or cylinder 2 and serve toclose the ends of such cylinder. The gears 4 and 5 are also keyed or fixed to shaft 1 to rotate the latter in cooperation with other driving gears not shown.

The cylinder 2 constituting one of the essential elements of my invention is made of hardened steel which, because of its finer grain and great strength, can be ground and polished to give a far superior refining surface and at the same time can be made up with a much thinner wall than would be possible with chilled iron rolls as here tofore used. It will be appreciated that the thinner the cylindrical wall of the roll is the quicker will it respond to the temperature controlling medium, such as circulating water. Thus, by making the cylindrical wall of hardened steel, I can supply a superior refining surface and make it strong enough to withstand the great pressure between the rolls while operating, and at the same time thin enough to respond quickly to the temperature controlling medium to prevent the cylinder warping. The heat from the rolls operations will be readily conducted to the circulating water, and a uniform temperature below the danger point may at all times be maintainedby the cooling arrangement now to be described.

The cooling arrangement consists in its preferred form of a metal cylinder or its equivalent 1E2 closed at one end 14, and open at the other end 15. This cylinder is fixed to and sll' 'oported by shaft 1 and held in spaced relation within cylinder 2 to form two annular water p'assagesa and b separat d by the thin wall of cylinder 12 so that the heat may be readily conducted from the water in passage 7) to the water in passage a. Thus, waterin large volume may be at all times acting within cylinder 2 to control its temperature,,but water at the uniform temperature desired and in small volume only may be indirect contact with cylinder 2. At the ends of cylinder 12 are annular spaces 0 and (Z, as indicated. If desired,

this cylinder 12 may made of other than round cross section or may becorrugated or provided with vanes or the like to increase its radiating surface. axial passage 8, as indicated enlarged at the outerend into passage 11 and contracted at the inner end into passage 6. A pipe 7 is threaded at one end into passage 6 and at the other end into stuiiing box 10 which also holds the water inlet pipe 9. Passage 16 connects passages 6 and a at the closed end of cylinder Passage 13 connects space 0 with the passage 8.

The temperature controlling medium, as

1 water, enters at pipe 9 through the stuiling 25 boxlO and travels through pipe 7 surrounded by passage 8 through passages G, 16, a surrounded by passage Z), space (Z, passage 6, space 0, passages 13, 8 and 11. From the latter, the water may be emitted in any suitable manner at the side of the machine. Si11ce the cylinder wall 2 is thin compared to the walls of the usual refining roll, its temperature will respond more quickly to the temperature controlling medium. This feature is a distinct advantage for the speed of the rolls may be increased with less danger of the temperature, due to the rolls the other, light will not show between them.

The expansion of the rolls iii-operation will adversely affect their desired cooperation unless such expansion controlled in a decidedly uniform manner and in practically the same manner for each roll.

An important feature of my invention,

2 therefore, is'the uniform manner in which the. temperature of the refining roll is con trolled. lt will be readily seen that the water entering under pressure through pipe 7 is" not permitted to contact with cylinder 2 i in the first instance, but 1S forced to first take passage within the thin cylinder 12, the

warping of which isimmaterial. The water The shaft 1 has an in passage 6 and in direct contact with cylinder 2 throughout practically 1 its entire length is of practically uniform temperature due to its prior passage through 0, its comparatively small volume, and the temperature influence of the cylinders 2 and 12 on this small volume of water. To put it another way, the cooling water from pipe 7 is first distributed within the cylinder to immediately start to take up the heat in a uniform manner through cylinder 12 from the water in passage 7) and is then permitted to contact directly with cylinder 2 in c0mparatively small volume in passage I) and under the influence of the cooler water acting uniformly through cylinder 12. By thus insuring the uniform application of the cooling medium to cylinder 2, the latter is kept at the right temperature and in the right condition aside from temperature to perform its functions in the best manner.

lVhat I claim. is-

1. A refining roll for the purpose described, comprising a hollow exterior cylinder with a fluid-tight sidewall, an element within said cylinder and presenting a fluid passage surrounded by a temperature-transmitting single wall and being spaced from the wall of said cylinder to present a second fluid passage, there being a fluid communication between said passages, and means to admit to, and withdraw fluid from, said passages. said means, passages and communication bein relatively arranged to present a circulatory system, for the forward flow of fluid in one passage and the backward flow in the other, with the liquid in said passages separated merely by said temperature-transmitting single wall.

2. A refining roll for the purpose described, comprising, a hollow cylinder, a walled means within the cylinder of relatively large capacity for containing a temperature controlling medium and holding the same from direct contact with the wall of the cylinder, said means and said cylinder together presenting a passage of relatively small capacity for the said medium, said passage and the containing space of said means being in communication, thereby providing for the circulation of said medium from the means and through the passage, with the relatively small body of medium contained in the passage under the temperature influence of the cylinder wall, the wall of the containing means, and the relatively large body of medium in the said containing means.

3. A refining roll for the purpose described, comprising, a hollow cylinder, a shaft, separate heads for the cylinder on the shaft, a second hollow cylinder of temperature transmitting material mounted on the shaft within, the first named cylinder and spaced therefrom, thereby to provide a passage, there being a connection between said passage and the interior of said second named cylinder, and means communicating with! such cylinder to circulate a temperature controlling medium, said means and said connection being relatively located to provide, with said second named cylinder and said passage, a reverberant circulating system wherein said medium can be circulated first through the second named cylinder and then through said passage.

4-. A refining roll for the purpose described, comprising, a cylinder open at both ends, separate header members to close said ends, a shaft passing througl'i both header members to support the latter and the cylinder for rotation and pressure, a second cylinder slightly shorter in length than the first cylinder, and having one end closed and fastened to the shaft for support within and in spaced relation to the first cylinder and shaft, an inlet pipe arranged axially within the shaft and provided with an outlet within and adjacent the closed end of the second cylinder, said shaft being provided with an outlet passage between the closed end of the second cylinder and the adjacent head of the first cylinder.

5. A refining roll for the purpose described, comprising a rotatable cylinder with a fluid-tight side-wall, a radiator mounted within the cylinder in spaced relation to the wall of said cylinder in the character of an element presenting a fluid passage surrounded by a temperature-transmitting single wall, fluid carrying means in connection with said radiator, and other fluid carrying means in communication with the space between said radiator and the cylinder wall, there being a fluid communica tion between said space and radiator, said communication and means being relatively located to provide for the subjection of the fluid to the action of the radiator prior to the passage of the fluid into the primary relation with the cylinder.

6. In a refining roll, in combination, a hollow cylindrical roll-shell of temperature transmitting material and with a fiuid-tight side-wall, and devices received within said shell presenting a reverberant circulating system for the circulation of a temperature controlling medium forward and back longitudinally in said shell, with the forward passage of said system in secondary relation to said shell and its backward passage in primary relation to said shell, and means for introducing fluid to the forward passage of said system and withdrawing it from the backward passage.

ALONZO LINTON BAUSMAN. 

